Today In History logo TIH
P. T. Barnum

Historical Figure

P. T. Barnum

1810–1891

American showman and politician (1810–1891)

Industrial Revolution

Talk to P. T. Barnum

Have a conversation with this historical figure through AI

Biography

Phineas Taylor Barnum was an American showman, businessman, and politician remembered for promoting celebrated hoaxes and founding with James Anthony Bailey the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus. He was also an author, publisher, and philanthropist, although he said of himself: "I am a showman by profession ... and all the gilding shall make nothing else of me." According to Barnum's critics, his personal aim was "to put money in his own coffers". The adage "there's a sucker born every minute" has frequently been attributed to him, although no evidence exists that he had coined the phrase.

Read more on Wikipedia

Timeline

The story of P. T. Barnum, told in moments.

1835 Event

Launches his career by exhibiting Joice Heth, an elderly Black woman he claims is 161 years old and George Washington's former nurse. Neither claim is true. Tickets sell briskly. He is 25.

1841 Life

Purchases Scudder's American Museum in Manhattan for $15,000, most of it borrowed. Renames it Barnum's American Museum. Fills it with oddities, taxidermy, a mermaid hoax, and live animal acts. Within a year it's the most visited attraction in America.

1850 Event

Brings Swedish opera singer Jenny Lind to America for a 93-concert tour. He's never heard her sing. He pays her $1,000 per night. Ticket prices hit $650. He clears over $500,000 from the tour.

1871 Event

Opens "P.T. Barnum's Grand Traveling Museum, Menagerie, Caravan & Hippodrome" in Brooklyn. Three rings. He calls it "The Greatest Show on Earth." He's 60 years old and just getting started.

1882 Life

Pays $10,000 to the London Zoo for Jumbo, a six-ton African elephant beloved by British children. Queen Victoria is reportedly displeased. Jumbo arrives in New York to massive crowds. He becomes the circus's biggest draw.

1891 Death

Dies at his home in Bridgeport, Connecticut. He's 80. His last words, reportedly: "How were the receipts today at Madison Square Garden?" The New York Evening Sun, at his request, had published his obituary two weeks before he died so he could read it.

In Their Own Words (15)

I am a showman by profession...and all the gilding shall make nothing else of me.

As quoted in P. T. Barnum: America's Greatest Showman (1995) by Philip B. Kunhardt Jr. and Philip B. Kunhardt III, , p. vi, 1995

The plan of "counting the chickens before they are hatched" is an error of ancient date, but it does not seem to improve by age.

Ch. 10: "Let hope predominate but be not too visionary", 1880

The best kind of charity is to help those who are willing to help themselves.

Ch. 18: "Be charitable", 1880

In fact, as a general thing, money-getters are the benefactors of our race.

Ch. 20: "Preserve your integrity", 1880

Money is in some respects like fire; it is a very excellent servant but a terrible master.

Ch. 3: "Avoid Debt", 1880

Artifacts (15)

P.T. Barnum

Thomas Ball

1883 · Bronzed plaster
Smithsonian View

P.T. Barnum and General Tom Thumb

Marcus Aurelius Root

c. 1850 · Half-plate daguerreotype
Smithsonian View

P. T. Barnum

Mathew Brady Studio, active 1844 - 1894

c. 1860-70 · Glass plate collodion negative
Smithsonian View

P. T. Barnum

Mathew Brady Studio, active 1844 - 1894

c. 1860-70 · Glass plate collodion negative
Smithsonian View

P.T. Barnum

Mathew Brady Studio, active 1844 - 1894

c. 1860 · Albumen silver print
Smithsonian View

Phineas T. Barnum

Mathew Brady Studio, active 1844 - 1894

c. 1860-70 · Glass plate collodion negative
Smithsonian View

Phineas T. Barnum

Mathew Brady Studio, active 1844 - 1894

c. 1860-70 · Glass plate collodion negative
Smithsonian View

Phineas T. Barnum

Mathew Brady Studio, active 1844 - 1894

c. 1860-70 · Glass plate collodion negative
Smithsonian View

Phineas T. Barnum

Mathew Brady Studio, active 1844 - 1894

c. 1860-70 · Glass plate collodion negative
Smithsonian View

Phineas T. Barnum

Mathew Brady Studio, active 1844 - 1894

c. 1860-70 · Glass plate collodion negative
Smithsonian View

Untitled

Barnum, P. T.

vam View

Struggles and Triumphs: or, Forty Years' Recollections of P. T. Barnum

[Illustration: PHINEAS T. BARNUM.] STRUGGLES AND TRIUMPHS: OR, FORTY YEARS’ RECOLLECTIONS ...

1810

Sights and wonders in New York

Class *\\\ Book%i ^ The Memorial anj Library Asso. WESTERLY. R. I. BESIDE THE MAIN TOPIC THIS BOOK TREATS OF Sub;. No. page Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library Gift of Seymour B. Durst Old...

1849

The art of money getting : $b or, golden rules for making money

B. and Esther N. Keyser THE ART OF MONEY GETTING or GOLDEN RULES FOR MAKING MONEY By P.T. Barnum In the United States, where we have more land than people, it is not at...

1851

P. T. Barnum's Menagerie

Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this file which includes the original lovely illustrations. See 45108-h.htm or 45108-h.zip: ...

1851

More from the Industrial Revolution

Explore what happened on the days that shaped P. T. Barnum's life. Today In History connects historical figures with the events, births, and deaths that defined their era. Browse all historical figures or explore today's events.