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Historical Figure

Nikola Tesla

1856–1943

Serbian-American engineer and inventor (1856–1943)

Victorian Era

Character Profile

The Argument

Nikola Tesla

Bring up Edison. Go ahead. Tesla’s been waiting.

He won’t shout. That’s not how he fights. Tesla argues the way he invented — through demonstrations. He’d describe alternating current not as a theory but as a visible thing, something you can almost see humming through the walls around you. Then he’d ask, very politely, whether you’ve noticed that the lights in your house don’t run on direct current. He’d let that sit. He was a patient man with everyone except Edison, about whom he had the patience of a lit fuse.

The rivalry is overtaught and undernuanced. It wasn’t just a technical disagreement about current. It was about what invention is for. Edison believed in iteration — 10,000 tries to make a lightbulb, and the tenth-thousandth one gets the glory. Tesla believed in vision — the complete device arriving in the mind, fully formed, in a single flash. He said he could run a motor in his head for weeks, watching it for wear patterns, before he ever built a physical prototype. When he finally built them, they worked the first time. That’s the thing he’d want you to understand about the difference.

Push back and he won’t concede. He’ll describe an experiment. The more you challenge him, the more specific his examples get. Tell him Marconi invented the radio — “Marconi is a good fellow. Let him continue. He is using seventeen of my patents.” The line is perfectly calibrated. Courteous on the surface. Devastating underneath. He had a lifetime of polishing it.

The moment he’d win: not a zinger. A demonstration. He’d suggest stepping outside. He’d point at the lights of the city and say, those are mine. Alternating current, the grid, the transformers humming in every basement. Not Edison’s. His. “Let the future tell the truth and evaluate each one according to his work and accomplishments. The present is theirs; the future, for which I really worked, is mine.” He’d mean it as a prediction, not a boast. And he’d be right.

Don’t pity him for dying in that hotel room with a dollar in his pocket. Ask him what he was working on at the end. Ask him about the tower on Long Island. Ask him what energy was supposed to look like in 2000 before the money ran out. Don’t ask about the pigeons. He’ll tell you about the pigeons anyway.


Three questions to start with:

  • Edison, Marconi, Westinghouse — which fight do you still want to win, and which one wasn’t worth it?
  • You saw things in flashes, mostly complete. Could you describe one to me — an invention as you saw it in your head?
  • You died in that hotel room with a dollar in your pocket. Was the work worth it?

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Biography

Nikola Tesla was a Serbian-American engineer, futurist, and inventor. He is known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system.

Read more on Wikipedia

Timeline

The story of Nikola Tesla, told in moments.

1856 Birth

Born during a lightning storm in Smiljan, Austrian Empire. His mother, who never received formal education, builds her own mechanical appliances and memorizes Serbian epic poems. Tesla credits her for his eidetic memory. His father is an Orthodox priest who wants the boy to follow him into the church.

1884 Event

Arrives in New York with four cents, a letter of recommendation, and some poems. Gets hired at the Edison Machine Works. Stays up all night repairing dynamos on the SS Oregon. Edison sees him and says, "This is a damned good man." Six months later Tesla quits, possibly over an unpaid $50,000 bonus Edison calls "American humor."

1888 Event

Demonstrates his AC induction motor at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. George Westinghouse buys the patent rights for $60,000 in cash and stock plus $2.50 per horsepower royalty. The "War of Currents" against Edison begins in earnest.

1891 Life

Westinghouse is near bankruptcy. Tesla tears up his royalty contract. The royalties, if collected, could have been worth $12 million. He walks away from the money to keep Westinghouse alive and AC power in production.

1898 Event

Demonstrates a wirelessly controlled boat at Madison Square Garden. Spectators think it's a trick. Some suspect a trained monkey is hidden inside. It's one of the first radio-controlled devices ever built.

1943 Death

Dies alone in room 3327 of the New Yorker Hotel. He is 86. A maid ignores the "do not disturb" sign and finds him. He'd been feeding pigeons from his window for years. Thousands of pages of his notes are seized by the Office of Alien Property. The FBI gets involved.

1960 Legacy

The General Conference on Weights and Measures names the SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla. His name is now stamped on every MRI machine and every electric car made by the company Elon Musk didn't found but did rename after him.

In Their Own Words (20)

I do not think there is any thrill that can go through the human heart like that felt by the inventor as he sees some creation of the brain unfolding to success...Such emotions make a man forget food, sleep, friends, love, everything.

Quoted in Marconi and Tesla: Pioneers of Radio Communication (2008) by Tim O'Shei, , p. 5, 2008

Never trust a Jew!

See Margaret Cheney, Tesla: Man Out of Time (Touchstone, 2001 [1981]), p. 165, 2001

Marconi is a good fellow. Let him continue. He is using seventeen of my patents.

On being informed that Marconi was transmitting wireless messages across the Atlantic Ocean, as quoted in "Who Invented Radio?", PBS.org; also in Daniel Blair Stewart, Tesla: The Modern Sorcerer (1999), p. 371, 1999

Let the future tell the truth and evaluate each one according to his work and accomplishments. The present is theirs; the future, for which I really worked, is mine.

On patent controversies regarding the invention of Radio and other things, as quoted in "A Visit to Nikola Tesla" by Dragislav L. Petković in Politika (April 1927); as quoted in Margaret Cheney, Robert Uth, and Jim Glenn, Tesla, Master of Lightning (1999), p. 73 ; also in Margaret Cheney, Tesla: Man Out of Time (2001), p. 230, 1999

Money does not represent such a value as men have placed upon it. All my money has been invested into experiments with which I have made new discoveries enabling mankind to have a little easier life.

As quoted in Dragislav L. Petković, "A Visit to Nikola Tesla", Politika (April 1927); also in Margaret Cheney, Robert Uth, and Jim Glenn, Tesla, Master of Lightning (1999), p. 82, 1999

Artifacts (15)

Nikola Tesla

Painting
europeana View

Büste "Nikola TESLA"

Büste
europeana View

Radio Nikola Tesla

Nose, Mojca

Slikovno gradivo
europeana View

Fonts - Educational Center 'Nikola Tesla'

Picelj, Ivan

sketch
europeana View

Logo - Educational Center 'Nikola Tesla'

Picelj, Ivan

logo
europeana View

Elementary school Nikola Tesla, Zagreb

http://vocab.getty.edu/ulan/500261432

architectural design
europeana View

Elementary school Nikola Tesla, Zagreb

http://vocab.getty.edu/ulan/500261432

architectural design
europeana View

Porträtt av Nikola Tesla.

Sarony, Napoleon

Photo
europeana View

Telegram - Educational center 'Nikola Tesla'; for: Ivan Picelj

Obrazovni centar Nikola Tesla, Zagreb

telegram
europeana View

Nikola Tesla, with his equipment for

europeana View

Document - presentation of work organization - Educational Center 'Nikola Tesla'

Obrazovni centar Nikola Tesla

document
europeana View

Technical Museum of Slovenia 2016 Nikola Tesla's experiments Photo Jaka Blasutto

Jaka Blasutto

Digital image
europeana View

Tesla Nikola

Američki i hrvatski izumitelj srpskog podrijetla Nikola Tesla

1894

The Fantastic Inventions of Nikola Tesla

"Nilola Tesla: complete bibliography" (p. 349-351).

1993

Nikola Tesla and robotics

Nikola Tesla and robotics

2006

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