Historical Figure
Václav Havel
1936–2011
Last president of Czechoslovakia and first president of the Czech Republic (1936–2011)
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Biography
Václav Havel was a Czech statesman, author, poet, playwright, and dissident. Havel served as the last president of Czechoslovakia from 1989 until 1992, prior to the dissolution of Czechoslovakia on 31 December, before he became the first president of the Czech Republic from 1993 to 2003. He was the first democratically elected president of either country after the fall of communism. As a writer of Czech literature, he is known for his plays, essays and memoirs.
Timeline
The story of Václav Havel, told in moments.
Already established as a playwright known for absurdist works like The Garden Party and The Memorandum. After the Soviet invasion crushed the Prague Spring, he was blacklisted. His plays could no longer be performed in Czechoslovakia.
Co-authored Charter 77, a human rights manifesto challenging the Communist regime. It was signed by 242 people. He became the public face of Czech dissent. The secret police followed him everywhere.
Imprisoned for nearly four years for "subversion of the republic." Wrote Letters to Olga, philosophical reflections addressed to his wife, from his prison cell. The letters were smuggled out and published.
Elected president of Czechoslovakia after the Velvet Revolution. A playwright who'd been in prison ten months earlier was now running the country. He'd helped topple the regime through Civic Forum without a single shot fired.
Died at his country home in northern Bohemia at 75. Served as the last president of Czechoslovakia and the first of the Czech Republic. World leaders mourned him. His funeral filled Prague's St. Vitus Cathedral.
In Their Own Words (20)
There used to be a time when this country's president could have delivered the same New Year's Address he had given a year before, and nobody would have noticed. Fortunately, that time has passed.
1991
We have discovered that what a year ago seemed to be a neglected house is essentially a ruin. This is not a pleasant fact, and it is not surprising that all of us are rather annoyed and disappointed about it.
1991
I think that it is my duty today to remind you as well of the good things that have happened, accomplishments that a year ago we could scarcely have imagined.
1991
I know we have still done very little, and that the main tasks still lie ahead of us. I would say that we have just completed a year of preparation in which the conditions for a new environment have been created.
1991
Full freedom of speech and expression prevails in our country, and freedom of assembly and association is guaranteed.
1991
Artifacts (15)
Summer Meditations: On Politics, Morality and Civility in a Time of Transition
Eighteen months after becoming Czechoslovakia's president, Vaclav Havel reflects candidly on his first experience as a democratic politician. He also discusses issues which have become increasingly...
The Power of the Powerless: Citizens Against the State in Central-eastern Europe
The power of the powerless / Václav Havel -- Spiritual values, independent initiatives, and politics / Rudolf Battéek -- Catholicism and politics / Václav Benda -- On the question of Chartism / Václav...
The Power of the Powerless (Routledge Revivals): Citizens Against the State in Central-eastern Europe
Books of great political insight and novelty always outlive their time of birth and this reissued work, initially published in 1985, is no exception. Written shortly after the formation of Charter 7,...
Given the affection and love of the testator towards Mona Lisa, his beloved wife...
trusting her care to their daughter Suor Ludovica and, should she be incapable, his son Bartolomeo, Francesco wrote, "Given the affection and love of the testator towards Mona Lisa, his beloved wife;...
Leonardo undertook to paint, for Francesco del Giocondo, the portrait of Mona Li...
ting's title dates to 1550. An acquaintance of at least some of Francesco's family, Giorgio Vasari, wrote, "Leonardo undertook to paint, for Francesco del Giocondo, the portrait of Mona Lisa, his...
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