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Robert McNamara

Historical Figure

Robert McNamara

d. 2009

American businessman and government official (1916–2009)

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Biography

Robert Strange McNamara was an American businessman and government official who served as the eighth United States secretary of defense from 1961 to 1968 under presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson at the height of the Cold War. He remains the longest-serving secretary of defense, having remained in office over seven years. He played a major role in promoting the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. McNamara was responsible for the institution of systems analysis in public policy, which developed into the discipline known today as policy analysis.

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Timeline

The story of Robert McNamara, told in moments.

1960 Event

Became president of Ford Motor Company, the first person outside the Ford family to hold the title. He'd been one of the "Whiz Kids," a group of Army Air Forces veterans who modernized Ford with statistical analysis after WWII. He held the job for five weeks.

1961 Event

Appointed Secretary of Defense by JFK. Served seven years, the longest tenure in the role's history. During the Cuban Missile Crisis, he was one of Kennedy's closest advisors, advocating the naval blockade over an air strike.

1967 Life

Privately concluded the Vietnam War was unwinnable even as he publicly defended escalation. Commissioned the Pentagon Papers, a secret history of the war. The contradiction ate at him for decades.

In Their Own Words (7)

Neither conscience nor sanity itself suggests, that the United States is, or should or could be the global gendarme.

In: Charles E. Miller (2010) Conscience, Denied, p. 21, 2010

I would rather have a wrong decision made than no decision at all.

Quoted in: Charles A. Stevenson (2006), SECDEF: The Nearly Impossible Job of Secretary of Defense, p. 28, 2006

Lesson #7: Belief and seeing are both often wrong.Lesson #8: Be prepared to reexamine your reasoning.Lesson #9: In order to do good, you may have to engage in evil.Lesson #10: Never say never.Lesson #11: You can't change human nature...

Robert S. McNamara (2004), Official Teacher's Guide for The Fog of War, p. 5, 2004

It would be our policy to use nuclear weapons wherever we felt it, necessary to protect our forces and achieve our objectives.

In: Herbert Y. Schandler (1975), US Policy on the Use of Nuclear Weapons, 1945-1975. p. 55, 1975

You can never substitute emotion for reason. I still would allow a place for intuition in this process, but not emotion. They say I am a power gabber. But knowledge is power, and I am giving them knowledge, so they will have more power. Can't they see that?

In: Henry L. Trewhitt (1971) McNamara, p. 119, 1971

Artifacts (15)

The Essence of Security: Reflections in Office

Policy statements from the author's public addresses and reports to Congress during his tenure as Secretary of Defense.

1968

Blundering Into Disaster: Surviving the First Century of the Nuclear Age

SCOTT (copy 1): from the John Holmes Library collection.

1986

Second Messengers

Meditative poems on love, distance, absence and loss.

1990

The Times Square Hustler: Male Prostitution in New York City

The author became interested in male prostitution while researching populations susceptible to AIDS. He found such a population in male prostitutes in Times Square which had developed a community to...

1994

Argument Without End: In Search of Answers to the Vietnam Tragedy

In six meetings held in Hanoi, and a seventh in Italy, Robert McNamara, his colleagues in the Kennedy and Johnson administrations, and American's top Vietnam and military scholars met with their...

1999

Argument Without End: In Search Of Answers To The Vietnam Tragedy

The former Secretary of Defense collaborates with leading scholars from the United States and Vietnam to offer a groundbreaking new study of exactly how the Vietnam War happened--and why it could not...

1999

The Hashemites: The Dream of Arabia

The story of the Arab Revolt and the Hashemite princes who led it during the First World War is inextricably linked in modern eyes to the legend of Lawrence of Arabia as portrayed in David Lean's 1962...

2010

In Retrospect: The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam

#1 NATIONAL BESTSELLER. The definitive insider's account of American policy making in Vietnam. "Can anyone remember a public official with the courage to confess error and explain where he and his...

2017

The 1964 Election and Its Aftermath: from In Retrospect

"Can anyone remember a public official with the courage to confess error and explain where he and his country went wrong? This is what Robert McNamara does in this brave, honest, honorable, and...

2017

This is the safest place to be in the world right now

A media relations specialist who was working in the building at the time recounted years later that she told a coworker, "This is the safest place to be in the world right now". Another was on the...

Works Talk

Out of the Cold: New Thinking for American Foreign and Defence Policy in the 21st Century

Robert McNamara draws on his experience working for the government during the Cuban missile crisis and the Vietnam war, to trace US-Soviet relations in the last three decades, and opens the debate on...

1990

Wilson's Ghost: Reducing The Risk Of Conflict, Killing And Catastrophe In The 21st Century

President Kennedy's former Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara and coauthor Blight (international studies, Brown U.) offer suggestions as to how the United States could and should change its foreign...

2001

Wilson's Ghost: Reducing The Risk Of Conflict, Killing, And Catastrophe In The 21st Century

With Wilson's Ghost, Robert S. McNamara and James G. Blight deliver an impassioned plea and a decisive and multi-faceted program for making the 21st century a more peaceful century than the last. The...

2003

Disconnection and Cancel Culture: Karens, Kyles, and Intolerance in American Society

Taking a sociological approach, this timely book explains the significance, development, and impact of cancel culture. Robert McNamara discusses the popular phenomenon of ‘Karens’ and their male...

2025

Between the 11th floor and the 9th floor, we wound through this maze. When we go...

ase that survived the disaster, and World Trade Center workers who knew escape routes. One survivor stated, "Between the 11th floor and the 9th floor, we wound through this maze. When we got to the...

Works Talk

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