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Heinrich Himmler

Historical Figure

Heinrich Himmler

1900–1945

German Nazi leader of the SS (1900–1945)

Early 20th Century

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Biography

Heinrich Luitpold Himmler was a German Nazi politician and military leader. He was the 4th Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel from 1929 to 1945. He was a leading member of the Nazi Party, and one of the most powerful figures in Nazi Germany. He was also one of the main architects of the Holocaust, the genocide of the Jewish population of Europe.

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Timeline

The story of Heinrich Himmler, told in moments.

1929 Life

Appointed Reichsfuhrer-SS. The SS is 290 men, a bodyguard unit for Hitler. Himmler turns it into one of the most powerful institutions in Nazi Germany. He selects highly competent subordinates. Reinhard Heydrich becomes his chief enforcer. By the late 1930s the SS controls the Gestapo, the concentration camps, and the intelligence services.

1941 Event

Commissions the drafting of Generalplan Ost, a day before the invasion of the Soviet Union. The plan calls for the removal, enslavement, or murder of tens of millions of people in Eastern Europe to make room for German settlers. An estimated 14 million people die in its implementation. He personally visits Auschwitz and Sobibor to observe operations.

1942 Event

The Wannsee Conference formalizes the Final Solution. Himmler's SS operates the extermination camps. He is directly responsible for the genocide of approximately 5.5 to 6 million Jews and millions of other victims. He keeps meticulous records. He gives a speech at Posen in 1943 praising the SS for carrying out mass murder with "decency."

1945 Event

Hitler learns Himmler has been secretly trying to negotiate surrender with the Western Allies since March. Hitler expels him from the party and orders his arrest. Himmler shaves his mustache, puts on an army private's uniform, and goes into hiding with a false identity card.

1945 Death

Captured by British forces at a checkpoint near Hamburg. During a medical examination, he bites down on a cyanide capsule hidden in a cavity in his teeth. Dead in 12 minutes. He is 44. His body is buried in an unmarked grave on Luneburg Heath.

In Their Own Words (20)

The best political weapon is the weapon of terror. Cruelty commands respect. Men may hate us. But, we don't ask for their love; only for their fear.

Quoted in Alberto Rivas Visions of Reality - A Study of Abnormal Perception and Behavior (2007), p. 162, 2007

We won't waste much time on the Jews. It's great to get to grips with the Jewish race at last. The more that die the better; hitting them represents a victory for our Reich. The Jews should feel that we've arrived. We want to put half to three quarters of all Jews east of the Vistula. We will crush these Jews wherever we can. Everything is at stake. Get the Jews out of the Reich, Vienna, everywhere. We have no use for Jews in the Reich. Probably the line of the Vistula, behind this line no more. We are the most important people here.

(25 November 1939), as quoted in Ismail K Merchant, by Richard L. Rubenstein, John K. Roth Approaches to Auschwitz: The Holocaust and Its Legac (2003), p. 160, 2003

...the curse of the great to have to walk over corpses.

Also translated as: It is the curse of the great man to step over corpses. From the Memoirs of Felix Kersten sometime after the execution of 200 Jews near Minsk in August 1941, as quoted in The Face Of The 3rd Reich, Part 2, Chapter 9. Petty Bourgeois and Grand Inquisitor, by Joachim C. Fest (1999), 1999

[T]he curse of the great to have to walk over corpses.

As cited in Joachim Fest The Face Of The Third Reich (1999), Part 2, 1999

I hope to see the very concept of Jewry completely obliterated.

(23 March 1941) Quoted in Benno Müller-Hill ''Murderous Science" (1998), p. 48, 1998

Artifacts (15)

Celebration of the Thousandth Anniversary of the German Reich

1936-07-02 · photographic support
rijksmuseum View

Visita de Heinrich Himmler a Toledo (21-x-1940) [Fotografía]

Archivos de Ordenador
europeana View

Heinrich Himmler as a child

Unknown authorUnknown author

Unknown date
commons View

Heinrich Himmler as a child b

File:Heinrich Himmler as a child.jpg: Unknown authorUnknown author derivative work: Georgfotoart

Unknown date
commons View

Gruppenaufnahme mit Reichsführer SS Heinrich Himmler und Stabschef der SA Victor Lutze

1936-05-08 · item
europeana View

Rome Guido Buffarini Guidi poses keeping Heinrich Himmler under his arms; interior of a Venice Palace Hall

1938-05-04
europeana View

Geier um Marienburg

A historical novel from the history of the Polish-Teutonic War 1410 by Werner Jansen - doctor and writer. It was one of Heinrich Himmler’s favorite books. Jansen glorifies the knights of the Teutonic...

1929

Viktória 1945

Text of censorship of a documentary film about Vera Viktória Vadas's unusual birth circumstances in a death camp in Therezin on 9 May, 1945.

1965

Discours secrets

Cinq discours complets et des extraits d'autres discours toujours prononcés devant un auditoire réduit de dignitaires du régime nazi.

1978

Fight against the empty cradle: Nazi pronatal policies and the SS leader corps

'During the early decades of the twentieth century, Germany, like most western European nations, faced fertility levels at which its population was unable to replace itself. Upon assuming power in...

1986

Albert Speer, 2001, Albert Speer

fransk officer

2000

Der Sport und seine Rolle in der nationalsozialistischen Elitetruppe SS

'Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler regarded sports and competition as efficient means to heighten the importance of the Schutzstaffel. The members of the SS were obligated to gain the sports badges of...

2007

Geraubte Identität

Stolen identity - the forced "Germanization" of "racially valuable" children during National Socialism, illustrated by the country of Poland. Heinrich Himmler, acting in his capacity as “Reich...

2010

Heinrich Himmlers Taschenkalender 1940

Die Edition des persönlichen Taschenkalenders Heinrich Himmlers aus dem Jahr 1940 beleuchtet Politik, Persönlichkeit und Ziele dieses nationalsozialistischen Multifunktionärs in der Frühphase des...

2013

Heinrich Himmler. Il diario segreto

Attraverso le lettere alla moglie 1927 - 1945 Inedito Un caso editoriale a cura di Katrin Himmler e Michael Wildt Per molti anni si è pensato che le lettere di Heinrich Himmler alla moglie Marga...

2014

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