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Francis Xavier

Historical Figure

Francis Xavier

1506–1552

Navarese Catholic saint and missionary (1506–1552)

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Biography

Francis Xavier, venerated as Saint Francis Xavier, was a Navarrese cleric and missionary. He co-founded the Society of Jesus and, as a representative of the Portuguese Empire, led the first Christian mission to Japan.

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Timeline

The story of Francis Xavier, told in moments.

1534 Event

Took vows with Ignatius of Loyola and five others in a chapel on Montmartre. This small group became the Society of Jesus.

1542 Event

Arrived in Goa, Portuguese India. Spent months learning Tamil by translating prayers phonetically. He walked through villages ringing a bell to gather crowds.

1549 Event

Reached Japan. Learned enough Japanese to preach in the streets of Kagoshima. Converted around 100 people in the first year. The local daimyo tolerated him.

1552 Death

Died of fever on Shangchuan Island off the Chinese coast. He was trying to enter mainland China but couldn't get past the trade embargo. He was 46. His body was found months later, reportedly uncorrupted.

In Their Own Words (5)

The impatient Xavier, still dissatisfied with the result of his labour wrote to the King of Portugal that the only hope of increasing the number of Christians was by the use of the secular power of the State. As a result of this note, the King issued orders that in Goa and other Portuguese settlements, “all idols shall be sought out and destroyed, and severe penalties shall be laid upon all such as shall dare to make an idol or shall shelter or hide a Brahmin”.

Page 54 History of Missions Richter quoted from Madhya Pradesh (India), Goel, S. R., Niyogi, M. B. (1998). Vindicated by time: The Niyogi Committee report on Christian missionary activities, 1998

By the aid of the vice-regal troops he pulled down the heathen temples in the neighbourhood of Goa, and appropriated their very considerable property for the use and benefit of the new College." (Page 89)

Theodor Griesinger-"The Jesuits; a complete history." translated from German into English by A. J. Smith. M. D. and was published in 1892 by W. H. Allen and Co. publishers to the India office London. quoted from Shraddananda, Hindu Sangathan, Saviour of the Dying Race (Delhi 1926), 1892

St Xavier had come to the East representing both the Pope ‑ as a Legate ‑ and the King as an inspector of missions. As missionary work was a State enterprise charged to the Crown's revenues in Portugal, this identification of national, interests with religious activity should not be a matter of surprise.

K. M. Panikkar. Asia and Western Dominance: a survey of the Vasco Da Gama epoch of Asian history, 1498–1945., 1498

All the heathen are filled with admiration at the holiness of the law of God, and express the greatest shame at having lived so long in ignorance of the true God. They willingly hear about the mysteries and rules of the Christian religion, and treat me, poor sinner as I am, with the greatest respect. Many, however, put away from them with hardness of heart the truth which they well know. When I have done my instruction, I ask one by one all those who desire baptism if they believe without hesitation in each of the articles of the faith. All immediately, holding their arms in the form of the cross, declare with one voice that they believe all entirely. Then at last I baptize them in due form, and I give to each his name written on a ticket. After their baptism the new Christians go back to their houses and bring me their wives and families for baptism. When all are baptized I order the temples of their false gods to be destroyed and all the idols to be broken in pieces. I can give you an idea of the joy I feel in seeing this done, witnessing the destruction of the idols by the very people who but lately adored them. In all the towns and villages I leave the Christian doctrine in writing in the language of the country. I prescribe at the same time the manner in which it is to taught in the morning and evening schools.

But it was St. Xavier who made anti-Brahminism the central theme of his missionary thrust. “These are,” he wrote, “the most perverse people in the world...they never tell the truth, but think of nothing but how to tell subtle lies and to deceive the simple and ignorant people...the poor simple people do exactly what the Brahmins tell them...If there were no Brahmins in the area, all Hindus would accept conversion to our faith.”

Artifacts (15)

Christ, Ignatius of Loyola and Francis Xavier

Pieter de Jode I|Nicolaes Lauwers|Nicolaes Lauwers

17th century · Engraving
The Met View

Arrival of a Portuguese ship

Unknown

1600-1630
vam View

The Virgin and Child Appearing to Saint Francis Xavier

Schelte Adamsz. Bolswert

1610/59 · Engraving in black on ivory laid paper
aic View

Saint Francis Xavier

mid-17th century · Alabaster; base: white marble
The Met View

Apotheosis of Saint Francis Xavier

Carlo Maratti

n.d. · Pen and brown ink, over traces of graphite, on ivory laid paper
aic View

The Letters and Instructions of Francis Xavier

Few letters have been so enthusiastically received & so widely diffused as those of the sixteenth-century Jesuit missionary & Saint, Francis Xavier. Written from India, the Indonesian archipelago,...

1992

Saint Among Savages: The Life of Saint Isaac Jogues

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2002

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Hindu God, Christian God: How Reason Helps Break Down the Boundaries Between Religions

This volume offers an in-depth study of key themes common to the Hindu and Christian religious traditions. It redefines how we think about Hinduism, comparative study, and Christian theology. This...

2001

McGraw had been pulling off a textbook example of a membership scam. He was sign...

business partners were investigated by the state's Attorney General office. Lead investigator Emory Goad said "McGraw had been pulling off a textbook example of a membership scam. He was signing up...

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Seven current employees also claimed that the show's guests are often manipulate...

around a dozen current and former employees of Dr. Phil alleged that they experienced "verbal abuse in a workplace that fosters fear, intimidation, and racism." Seven current employees also claimed...

Works Talk

The Life and Letters of St. Francis Xavier

1874

Lives of the Saints: July-Dec

1876

A Konkani Grammar

1882

Saint Peter and the First Years of Christianity

1892

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