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Arthur Wellesley

Historical Figure

Arthur Wellesley

d. 1852

British Army officer and statesman (1769–1852)

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Biography

Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington was a British Army officer and statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures in Britain during the early 19th century, twice serving as Prime Minister. He was one of the British commanders who ended the Anglo-Mysore wars by defeating Tipu Sultan in 1799, and among those who ended the Napoleonic Wars in a Coalition victory when the Seventh Coalition defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.

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Timeline

The story of Arthur Wellesley, told in moments.

1769 Birth

Born Arthur Wesley in Dublin to an aristocratic Anglo-Irish family. His mother considered him the family dunce. Sent to military school almost as an afterthought.

1815 Event

Defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in Belgium. The fighting lasted just one day. Wellington later said: "It has been a damned nice thing. The nearest run thing you ever saw in your life."

1828 Event

Became Prime Minister. Pushed through Catholic emancipation in 1829, angering his own Tory supporters. A mob smashed the windows of his London home. He responded by installing iron shutters. Earned the nickname "Iron Duke."

1852 Death

Died at Walmer Castle at 83. His state funeral drew 1.5 million mourners to the streets of London. He was buried in St Paul's Cathedral next to Lord Nelson.

In Their Own Words (20)

Uxbridge: By God, sir, I've lost my leg! Wellington: By God, sir, so you have!

Exchange said to have occurred at the Battle of Waterloo (18 June 1815), after Lord Uxbridge lost his leg to a cannonball; as quoted in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (2004), 2004

During the Peninsula War, I heard a Portuguese general address his troops before a battle with the words, "Remember men, you are Portuguese!"

Wellington's reply when asked, late in his life, what was the most inane remark he had ever heard, as quoted in Journals of Alec Guinness (February 1998) by Alec Guinness, 1998

If you believe that you will believe anything.

In reply to a man who greeted him in the street with the words "Mr. Jones, I believe?", as quoted in Wellington — The Years of the Sword (1969) by Elizabeth Longford., 1969

I should have given more praise.

As quoted in A History of Warfare (1968) by Bernard Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein: "Sir Winston Churchill once told me of a reply made by the Duke of Wellington, in his last years, when a friend asked him: "If you had your life over again, is there any way in which you could have done better?" The old Duke replied: "Yes, I should have given more praise.", 1968

We always have been, we are, and I hope that we always shall be, detested in France.

As quoted in Wellington and His Friends (1965) by Gerald Wellesley, 7th Duke of Wellington, p. 138, and in The Economist (16 June 2005), 1965

Artifacts (15)

Portrait of Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington (4673879)

Unknown authorUnknown author

19th century
commons View

Portrait of Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington (4673880)

Unknown authorUnknown author

19th century
commons View

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington by Robert Home

Robert Home

1804
commons View

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington by Robert Home cropped

Robert Home

1804
commons View

Portrait of Arthur Wellesley, later 1st Duke of Wellington

Cosway, Richard (RA)

1808
vam View

Portrait of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington

John Lucas

commons View

Arthur Wellesley by John Hoppner

John Hoppner

circa 1795
commons View

Pen-case

Unknown

ca. 1797 - ca. 1815
vam View

The Army and Navy

Reynolds, Samuel William (the younger)

early 19th century
vam View

Portrait of Arthur Wellesley, later 1st Duke of Wellington

John Wright (British, 1745–1820)

c. 1806–7 · watercolor on ivory in a gilt wood frame
cma View

Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington (1769–1852)

Carlo Amatucci

shortly after 1813 · Pink wax on slate (?) ground; frame: papier maché lacquered black, and copper-gilt rim
The Met View

Arthur Wellesley - Lawrence 1814-15

Thomas Lawrence

from 1814 until 1815
commons View

The duke of Wellington and the Whigs

It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has...

1830

The dispatches of Field Marshall the Duke of Wellington

Introduction. Precis of the commissions, services, official commands, and public honors of Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington. Explanation of Indian terms, titles, and countries. The early...

1837

The dispatches of Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington, K.G

Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book's long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you. Usage...

1837

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