Today In History logo TIH
Saddam Hussein

Historical Figure

Saddam Hussein

d. 2006

President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003

Unknown

Talk to Saddam Hussein

Have a conversation with this historical figure through AI

Biography

Saddam Hussein was an Iraqi politician and revolutionary who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 1979 until his overthrow in 2003 during the United States-led invasion of Iraq. He previously served as the vice president from 1968 to 1979 and also as the prime minister from 1979 to 1991 and later from 1994 to 2003. A leading member of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, he was a proponent of Ba'athism, a mix of Arab nationalism and Arab socialism. The policies and ideologies he championed are collectively known as Saddamism, a right-wing variant of Ba'athism.

Read more on Wikipedia

Timeline

The story of Saddam Hussein, told in moments.

1937 Birth

Born near Tikrit into a Sunni Arab family. His father dies or disappears before his birth. His stepfather beats him. He moves to Baghdad at 10 to live with an uncle who teaches him that "Three whom God should not have created: Persians, Jews, and flies." He joins the Ba'ath Party at 20.

1979 Event

Takes power after President al-Bakr's "resignation." Calls a televised meeting of Ba'ath Party leadership. Reads names from a list. Each named person is escorted out. Some are executed that same week by their own colleagues. The survivors give him a standing ovation. It's all on tape.

1980 Event

Invades Iran. The war lasts eight years. Chemical weapons deployed at Halabja kill 5,000 Kurdish civilians in a single attack. An estimated 500,000 to 1,000,000 die on both sides. It ends in stalemate. Neither border moves.

1990 Event

Invades Kuwait. Accuses them of slant-drilling into Iraqi oil reserves. A US-led coalition of 35 nations drives him out in 42 days during Operation Desert Storm. He stays in power. Suppresses the Kurdish and Shia uprisings that follow. The coalition lets him.

2003 Event

Captured by US soldiers in a hole near Tikrit. The "spider hole" is six feet deep. He has a pistol, $750,000 in cash, and a long beard. "I am the president of Iraq," he tells his captors. "I am willing to negotiate." They don't negotiate.

2006 Death

Hanged at Camp Justice in Baghdad. Convicted of crimes against humanity for the 1982 massacre of 148 Shia villagers in Dujail. Guards chant the name of Muqtada al-Sadr as the trapdoor opens. Cell phone video leaks within hours. He is 69.

In Their Own Words (20)

Iraq is a great nation now, as it has been at times throughout history. Nations generally "go to the top" only once. Iraq, however, has been there many times, before and after Islam. Iraq is the only nation like this in the world. This "gift" was given to the Iraqi people by God. When Iraqi people fall, they rise again.

In response to guffaws from a spectator in an overhead gallery during his trial, 2006., 2006

I think America and the world also knows that iraq no longer has the weapons, and i believe the mobilization that being done was in fact done partly to cover the huge lie that was being waged against Iraq about chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons. That is why, when you talk about such missiles, these missiles have been destroyed. There are no missile that contradict to the prescription of united nations in Iraq. There are no longer there.

2003

Traditionally Marxism attracts the oppressed. This, however, is not the case in the Arab nation... The socialist programs in Arab history did not always come from the poor, but from men who had known no oppression and became the leaders of the poor. The Arab nation has never been as class-conscious as other nations.

n.d., quoted in Saddam Hussein: a political biography (2002) by Efraim Karsh and Inari Rautsi., 2002

I know that there are scores of people plotting to kill me, and this is not difficult to understand. After all, did we not seize power by plotting against our predecessors? However, I am far cleverer than they are. I know they are conspiring to kill me long before they actually start planning to do it. This enables me to get them before they have the faintest chance of striking at me.

Summer 1979, quoted in Saddam Hussein: a political biography (2002) by Efraim Karsh and Inari Rautsi., 2002

Our children should be taught to beware of everything foreign and not to disclose any state or party secrets to foreigners... for foreigners are eyes for their countries, and some of them are counterrevolutionary instruments [in the hands of imperialism].

al-Dimuqratiyya Masdar Quwwa li al-Fard wa al-Mujtama, 1977, quoted in Saddam Hussein: a political biography (2002) by Efraim Karsh and Inari Rautsi., 2002

Artifacts (15)

Pilgrim's Staff (Oulle Sheikh Hussein)

Oromo

20th century · Wood
aic View

Pilgrim's Staff (Oulle Sheikh Hussein)

Oromo

20th century · Wood
aic View

Pilgrim's Staff (Oulle Sheikh Hussein)

Oromo

20th century · Wood
aic View

Saddam Hussein

Otzen, Per Marquard (f.1944) bladtegner

Still image
europeana View

Saddam Hussein

Otzen, Per Marquard (f.1944) bladtegner

Still image
europeana View

Saddam Hussein og FN-inspektør

Otzen, Per Marquard (f.1944) bladtegner

Still image
europeana View

Gruppenaufnahme mit Staatspräsident Irak Saddam Hussein

item
europeana View

Gruppenaufnahme mit Staatspräsident Irak Saddam Hussein

item
europeana View

Gruppenaufnahme mit Staatspräsident Irak Saddam Hussein

item
europeana View

Gruppenaufnahme mit stellvertretender SPD-Vorsitzender Hans-Jürgen Wischnewski und Präsident Irak Saddam Hussein

1980~ · item
europeana View

Medical Aspects Of Chemical And Biological Warfare (IA MedicalAspectsOfChemicalAndBiologicalWarfare 201804)

U.S. Army. Office of The Surgeon General. Borden Institute

commons View

JUST WAR THEORY RELOADED- THE ETHICS OF SOF IN MODERN CONFLICT (IA justwartheoryrel1094559564)

Orr, Scott W.

commons View

Iraq Speaks: Documents on the Gulf Crisis

Includes 85 translated letters, speeches, messages, interviews from 1955 through January 1991. Presents the Iraqi point of view from Iraqi governmental officials. Represents a sampling of official...

1992

Saddam Speaks on the Gulf Crisis: A Collection of Documents

This book presents the Gulf crisis from two different angles: the onlooker's and the player's, an analysis of the motivations in the war, and a selection of the speeches of its main protagonist,...

1992

M. le dictateur Saddam Hussein

Former webpage on http://www.indymedia.be, archived as a PDF file

2002

More from the Unknown

Explore what happened on the days that shaped Saddam Hussein's life. Today In History connects historical figures with the events, births, and deaths that defined their era. Browse all historical figures or explore today's events.