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Colin Powell

Historical Figure

Colin Powell

1937–2021

American general, diplomat and statesman (1937–2021)

Interwar & WWII

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Original Speech

"Retirement Ceremony Address" — September 30, 1993

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Biography

Colin Luther Powell was an American Army general, diplomat, and statesman who was the 65th United States secretary of state from 2001 to 2005 and was the highest-ranking Black American in the federal executive branch in American history until the election of Barack Obama as president in 2008. Originally a member of the Republican Party, he was the first Black American to hold the office. He was the 15th national security advisor from 1987 to 1989, and the 12th chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1989 to 1993.

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Timeline

The story of Colin Powell, told in moments.

1963 Life

Serves as a military adviser in South Vietnam, where he is wounded by a punji-stick trap. Returns for a second tour in 1968. Investigates the My Lai massacre report and writes a memo dismissing the allegations. He later calls this a "blot" on his record.

1989 Event

Appointed Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The youngest person and first Black American to hold the position. Over the next four years, he oversees the Panama invasion and Desert Storm. His doctrine: use overwhelming force or don't go in at all.

2001 Event

Sworn in as 65th Secretary of State under George W. Bush. The highest-ranking Black official in the history of the federal government until Barack Obama is elected president seven years later.

2003 Event

Presents the case for Iraqi weapons of mass destruction to the UN Security Council. He holds up a vial of white powder. He shows satellite photos. The intelligence is wrong. He calls this speech the lowest point of his career: "a blot that will always be on my record."

2021 Death

Dies of complications from COVID-19 at 84. He was fully vaccinated but immunocompromised from blood cancer treatment.

In Their Own Words (20)

As successes come your way, remember that you didn't do it alone. It is always we.

p. 266, 2012

Facts are verified information that is then presented as objective reality. The rub here is the verified part. How do you verify verified? Facts are slippery, and so is verification. Today's verification may not be tomorrow's. It turns out that facts may not really be facts; they can change as the verification changes; they may only tell part of the story, not the whole story; or they may be so qualified by verifiers that they're empty of information.

p. 113, 2012

Verified facts don't always come pure, but with qualifiers. My warning radar always goes on alert when qualifiers are attached to facts. Qualifiers like: My best judgement... I think... As best I can tell... Usually reliable sources say... For the most part... We've been told... and the like. I don't dismiss facts so qualified; but I'm cautious about taking them to the bank.

p. 115, 2012

As you will see, there are no conclusions or recommendations, just my observations. The chapters are freestanding. You can read them straight through or jump in anywhere. Everyone has life lessons and stories. These are mine. All I can say is that they worked for me.

p. xii, 2012

You can't make good decisions unless you have good information and can separate facts from opinion and speculation.'''

p. 113, 2012

Artifacts (15)

Untitled

unknown

1715-1725
vam View

Untitled

Josiah Wedgwood and Sons

1922
vam View

Powell/Kleinschmidt Records

Powell Kleinschmidt

1969-1993 (bulk 1976-1984) · Printed papers, typescript papers, holograph papers, drawings, black and white photographic prints, color photographic prints, aperture cards, textiles and realia.
aic View

Photograph of Brigadier General Colin L Powell

Department of Defense. Department of the Army. Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations. U.S. Army Audiovisual Center.

1979
commons View

Colin powell cropped

commons View

Near Lake Powell, Arizona, from the series "American Prospects"

Joel Sternfeld

August 1979, printed October 1986 · Chromogenic print
aic View

Lake Powell, Arizona, from the series "American Prospects"

Joel Sternfeld

August 1982, printed June 1986 · Chromogenic print
aic View

Fotografie: Besuch von US-Verteidigungsminister Caspar Weinberger in West-Berlin

1985 · Picture Archive
europeana View

Fotografie: Besuch von US-Verteidigungsminister Caspar Weinberger in West-Berlin

1985 · Picture Archive
europeana View

Un enfant du Bronx

Colin Powell est l'incarnation du rêve américain. Né de parents jamaïcains, il a connu la jungle des rues avant d'entamer une brillante carrière dans l'armée puis à Washington. Le reste appartient à...

1995

My American Journey: An Autobiography

In his enlightening and very human memoir, General Colin Powell, one of the most prominent figures in American public life, celebrates not only the rise of a great man from obscurity, but, in the...

1995

A Soldier's Way: An Autobiography

Moving between the army and high position in both Republican and Democratic Administration, Colin Powell has a unique perspective.

1995

My American Journey

Profiles the life and career of Colin L. Powell.

1996

A Soldier's Way: An Autobiography

This is a book of political excitement and disclosure, but it is much more. A Soldier's Way reveals General Powell's passionate beliefs in family and personal responsibility. It is an account of an...

1996

My American Journey: An Autobiography

"A GREAT AMERICAN SUCCESS STORY . . . AN ENDEARING AND WELL-WRITTEN BOOK." --The New York Times Book Review Colin Powell is the embodiment of the American dream. He was born in Harlem to immigrant...

1999

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