Twelve weeks shorter, and already a different presidency. Franklin Roosevelt's second inauguration on January 20, 1937, marked the first time the transfer of presidential power happened on this date. The 20th Amendment, ratified in 1933, moved Inauguration Day from March 4 to January 20, trimming the dangerously long lame-duck period that had left the country leaderless during the worst months of the Depression. Roosevelt needed every one of those recovered days. The Great Depression still gripped the nation, with unemployment hovering around 15 percent and millions of families dependent on federal relief programs. His first term had produced the New Deal's landmark legislation: Social Security, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Works Progress Administration. But the economy remained fragile, and opposition was hardening. He arrived at the Capitol with thundering confidence, delivering one of the most memorable lines of any inaugural address: "I see one-third of a nation ill-housed, ill-clad, ill-nourished." The speech was a promise to keep fighting and an acknowledgment that the crisis was far from over. It became a rallying cry for the millions who felt the government was their last line of defense. But the second term almost immediately ran into trouble. Emboldened by his landslide victory, Roosevelt overreached. His plan to pack the Supreme Court by adding up to six new justices, designed to overcome a conservative Court that had struck down several New Deal programs, was seen as an attack on judicial independence. Even allies in Congress balked. The plan failed, and it cost Roosevelt political capital he never recovered. The "Roosevelt Recession" of 1937-38, caused partly by premature cuts to government spending, pushed unemployment back above 19 percent. His own party began to fracture. The second inaugural's optimism gave way to a presidency that was more embattled and more constrained than the first, a reminder that landslide victories do not guarantee legislative success.