Mehmed II Seizes Constantinople: Byzantine Empire Falls

Emperor Julian's legions defeated the Sassanid army beneath the walls of Ctesiphon, the Persian capital, but found the city's massive fortifications impregnable…

Almoravid forces under Tamim ibn Yusuf annihilated a Castilian army at Ucles, killing Prince Sancho, the only legitimate heir of King Alfonso VI. The defeat sha…

Imperial forces under Christian of Buch and Rainald of Dassel destroyed a Roman army supporting Pope Alexander III at Monte Porzio, killing thousands of Romans …

The Lombard League infantry crushed Emperor Frederick I’s cavalry at the Battle of Legnano, ending his campaign to exert direct imperial control over Northern I…

The Mongols spent seventeen days inside Kaifeng's walls, which tells you everything about the looting. Jin officials had already fled south three months earlier…

The French crown passed to Philip VI through his father, not his own achievements—he was nephew to three childless kings. And that inheritance opened a can of w…