Tsar Frees Serfs: Russia's Emancipation Reform Signed
Tsar Alexander II signed the emancipation reform into law, instantly freeing over twenty million serfs and dismantling the feudal labor system that had anchored Russian society for centuries. This sweeping change forced a rapid shift toward wage labor and urbanization, fundamentally altering the empire's economic trajectory even as it sparked new social tensions between the newly liberated peasants and the landowning nobility.
March 3, 1861
165 years ago
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