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Muhammad Ali

Historical Figure

Muhammad Ali

1942–2016

Cold War Era

Character Profile

The Challenge

Muhammad Ali

Ali wants to know what you did this morning. Before coffee. Before you sat down.

He was 22 when he beat Sonny Liston — a fighter the entire sportswriting establishment said would kill him. He predicted the round. He got the round wrong by one. He told the press he’d told them so, and when they pointed out he’d predicted the eighth and the fight ended in the seventh, he said: “I shook up the world. Give me a minute.” Then, three years later, he refused to be drafted into Vietnam and they took his title, his passport, and his prime. He lost four years of his career. He came back and did it again.

He’ll challenge you. Not aggressively — he’s too smooth for that. He’ll do it by example, in the middle of a sentence. He ran at 4 AM through the streets of Miami because “it’s when nobody’s watching that you become who you are.” He trained in a gym in Kinshasa while George Foreman trained in an air-conditioned tent, and at the end of eight rounds of taking Foreman’s best shots on the ropes, he said — into Foreman’s ear, where only Foreman could hear him — “Is that all you got, George?” George had nothing. Ali knocked him out.

Tell him you’re tired and he’ll look amused. He fought Frazier three times. The third one, the Thrilla in Manila, he said afterward was “the closest thing to dying that I know of.” He stopped in the 14th round because Frazier’s corner stopped it. He won. In the locker room, before the cameras, he said the right things. In the shower, alone, he collapsed. His trainer found him on the tile floor. He was 33. The Parkinson’s had already started and he didn’t know it yet. He fought Frazier because refusing wasn’t available to him as a concept.

He won’t be impressed by your startup. He’ll be interested in whether you’ve ever chosen the hard version of something when the easy one was right there. If you have — even once — he’ll give you a nickname. Terrible nickname. Rhyming couplet. He’ll mean it as a compliment.


Three questions to start with:

  • You refused the draft and lost four years of your prime. If you could have chosen a different fight to make the stand, would you?
  • Kinshasa. The rope-a-dope. How much of that was planned and how much was improvised on the canvas?
  • You said the Thrilla was the closest thing to dying you knew. Why didn’t you retire after Manila?

Hear Their Voice

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Original Speech

"Horizons Lecture at Auburn University" — May 15, 1973

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Timeline

The story of Muhammad Ali, told in moments.

1942 Birth

Born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. in Louisville, Kentucky. His father paints signs and murals. His mother is a household domestic. When he is 12, someone steals his bicycle. A police officer named Joe Martin tells him he should learn to fight before he picks one. Martin runs a boxing gym in the basement of a recreation center. Cassius shows up the next day.

1960 Event

Wins the gold medal in light heavyweight boxing at the Rome Olympics. He is 18, six feet three, 178 pounds, and he talks more than any boxer anyone has ever seen. Legend says he threw the gold medal into the Ohio River after being refused service at a Louisville restaurant. He denied this later. The medal was simply lost.

1964 Life

Beats Sonny Liston for the heavyweight title in Miami Beach. Liston is a 7-to-1 favorite. Clay is 22. He screams at the ringside press after the fight: "I shook up the world! I am the greatest!" The next day he announces he is a member of the Nation of Islam. A week later, Elijah Muhammad gives him the name Muhammad Ali.

1964 Event

Announces his conversion to the Nation of Islam and his new name, Muhammad Ali. Cassius Clay is his 'slave name.' Most of the press refuses to use the new name for years. Howard Cosell is one of the few who does.

1967 Event

Refuses induction into the U.S. Army. "I ain't got no quarrel with them Vietcong." He is stripped of his title, banned from boxing, and faces five years in prison. He is 25 and in the prime of his athletic career. He doesn't fight for three and a half years.

1971 Event

The Fight of the Century. Ali vs. Joe Frazier at Madison Square Garden. Both undefeated. Frank Sinatra shoots photos at ringside for Life magazine because it's the only way he can get a seat. Frazier knocks Ali down in the 15th round and wins by unanimous decision. Ali's first professional loss.

1978 Event

Loses the heavyweight title to Leon Spinks, a 24-year-old with only seven professional fights. Seven months later, he wins it back. Three-time heavyweight champion. No one has done it before.

2016 Death

Dies in Scottsdale, Arizona, of septic shock. He is 74. His funeral procession passes through the streets of Louisville. Thousands line the route and throw flowers at the hearse. The pallbearers include Will Smith, Lennox Lewis, and Mike Tyson. Bill Clinton delivers the eulogy.

Show full timeline (12 entries)
1974 Event

The Rumble in the Jungle. Ali vs. George Foreman in Kinshasa, Zaire. Foreman is 25, undefeated, and hits harder than anyone alive. Ali invents the rope-a-dope: he leans against the ropes and lets Foreman punch himself into exhaustion for seven rounds. In the eighth, Ali knocks him out. He is 32 years old and heavyweight champion of the world again.

1975 Event

Thrilla in Manila. Ali vs. Frazier III. The temperature inside the Araneta Coliseum exceeds 120 degrees. Both men nearly die. After 14 rounds, Frazier's trainer Eddie Futch stops the fight. Ali collapses. He says afterward it was "the closest thing to dying that I know of."

1984 Life

Diagnosed with Parkinson's syndrome, likely caused by the thousands of punches absorbed over 21 years of professional boxing. His speech slows. His hands shake. His face, once the most animated in sports, goes still.

1996 Life

Lights the Olympic cauldron at the Atlanta Games. His left hand trembles as he holds the torch. Three billion people are watching. It takes him several seconds. The stadium is silent, then erupts. It is the last time most of the world sees Muhammad Ali standing.

In Their Own Words (20)

Joe Frazier is so ugly that when he cries, the tears turn around and go down the back of his head.

As quoted in "Ali's Quotes" at BBC Sport : Boxing (17 January 2007), 2007

Frazier is so ugly that he should donate his face to the US Bureau of Wildlife.

As quoted in "Ali's Quotes" at BBC Sport : Boxing (17 January 2007), 2007

I knew I had him in the first round. Almighty God was with me. I want everyone to bear witness, I am the greatest! I'm the greatest thing that ever lived. I don't have a mark on my face, and I upset Sonny Liston, and I just turned twenty-two years old. I must be the greatest. I showed the world. I talk to God everyday. I know the real God. I shook up the world, I'm the king of the world. You must listen to me. I am the greatest! I can't be beat!

After defeating Sonny Liston for the first time (25 February 1964), "Muhammad Ali - I shook up the world" (video); also quoted in Sound and Fury: Two Powerful Lives, One Fateful Friendship (2007) by Dave Kindred, p. 58, 2007

Since I won't let the critics seal my fate, they keep hollering I'm full of hate. But they don't really hurt me none, 'cause I'm doing good and having fun.

"Still the Greatest", p. 109, 2004

We all have the same God, we just serve him differently. Rivers, lakes, ponds, streams, oceans all have different names, but they all contain water. So do religions have different names, and they all contain truth, expressed in different ways forms and times. It doesn't matter whether you're a Muslim, a Christian, or a Jew. When you believe in God, you should believe that all people are part of one family. If you love God, you can't love only some of his children.

p. xvii, 2004

Artifacts (15)

Portrait of Ustad Muhammad Ali

17th century · Opaque watercolor and gold on paper
The Met View

Untitled

Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Tahir

1262
vam View

Untitled

Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Tahir

1262

Muhammad Ali prince hunting

Muhammad Ali

1625
commons View

Muhammad Ali

europeana View

Muhammad Ali pašša

europeana View

Muhammad Ali 1610

Muhammad Ali

circa 1610
commons View

A Royal Picnic on a Terrace

Muhammad Ali (Persian, active 1590–1620)

c. 1620 · Gum tempera and gold on paper
cma View

Muhammad Ali Beg

Hashim

ca. 1631
vam View

Muhammad Ali Beg

Hashim

ca. 1631

Muhammad Ali - A feast in a pavilion setting - 1920.1966 - Cleveland Museum of Art

Muhammad Ali

circa 1620
commons View

Khayābān-i gulshan

A metrical Persian vocabulary with Persian and Urdu marginal notes.

1867

Egipt i Mahdi w Sudanie

Estr. XIX, 1, 279

1884

Evaluation of nanofluids performance for simulated microprocessor

Evaluation of nanofluids performance for simulated microprocessor

2015

Solutions of fractional diffusion equations by variation of parameters method

Solutions of fractional diffusion equations by variation of parameters method

2015

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