Today In History logo TIH
Francisco de Orellana planted a Spanish flag on swampland crawling with caimans
1538 Event

July 25

Guayaquil Founded: Ecuador Gets Its Largest City

Francisco de Orellana planted a Spanish flag on swampland crawling with caimans and declared it "Muy Noble y Muy Leal Ciudad de Santiago de Guayaquil"—Most Noble and Most Loyal City. July 25, 1538. The conquistador who'd later discover the Amazon chose a malarial estuary because it offered something rare: a Pacific port the Inca hadn't fortified. Within decades, Guayaquil's shipyards built the galleons that connected three continents. And Orellana? He never returned to his "noble" city, dying fever-struck on that jungle river he'd found instead. Sometimes explorers build what they won't stay to see.

July 25, 1538

488 years ago

Key Figures & Places

What Else Happened on July 25

Talk to History

Have a conversation with historical figures who witnessed this era. Ask questions, explore perspectives, and bring history to life.

Start Talking